a science that seeks to understand the immune system of animals. Before becoming an independent discipline, it fell under the scope of bacteriology. Research is conducted using such methods as basic medicine, pharmacy, biology, and clinical medicine.

Huang Yujie (1850-1918): His ancestral home was in Quanzhou, but he was born in Dadu, Taichung. In his youth he studied Chinese medicine and later moved to Twatutia, Taipei to work in the Chinese medicine industry. Between late Qing and early colonial era, the Taipei area suffered outbreaks of cholera and the plague. Huang advocated for prevention through Chinese medicine prescriptions. In the early colonial period when the plague was rampant throughout Taiwan, he recommended the colonial government set up quarantine hospitals for those infected with the black plague. This was well received by the administration, and Huang was asked to oversee medical treatments there. This allowed Chinese medicine to play an active role in prevention efforts. In 1897, he received his Chinese medicine license. The issue number on the license was 001. In 1900, he established the Taipei Natural Foot Association, which advocated for the end of foot binding. In 1911, he started the Association to Cut of Queues but Dress the Same, which encouraged males to adopt more Western style haircuts. Huang was a pioneer in social and cultural reforms in Taiwan.

Horiuchi Tsugio (1873-1955): Originally from Hyōgo, Japan, he came to Taiwan in 1895 as an army doctor, but returned to Tokyo in May 1896 to study bacteriology at Tokyo Imperial University. In 1915 he was appointed by the Office of the Governor-General to be the third president of its medical school in Taipei. He filled this post for 22 years, during which many outstanding Taiwanese doctors were trained.

Hamano Yashirō (1869-1932): Originally from Chiba, Japan, he studied civil engineering in the Engineering University of the Imperial Universities. In 1896, he came to Taiwan with Burton as a technician in the civil engineering department of the Office of the Governor-General. In 1899, Burton returned to Japan due to an illness. Hamano stayed in Taiwan for 23 years to continue their work in installing water and drainage systems. After completing systems in all major cities in Taiwan, he left the island in 1919.

Du Cong-ming (1893-1986): Originally from Tamsui, he graduated from the Medical School of the Office of Governor-General. In 1915, he tested into the medical department of Kyoto University, where he studied pharmacology. In 1922, he was awarded a doctor of medicine. He was Taiwan’s first person to earn a Ph.D. and the first certified doctor of medicine. In 1921, he was appointed as an assistant professor at the Medical School of the Office of Governor-General and a technician in the Central Research Institute of the Office of Governor-General. He was made a professor in 1922. Then in 1936, Taipei Imperial University established a medical department and Du was given a professorship in pharmacology. After the war he was the first dean of the College of Medicine at National Taiwan University, as well as first president of the Kaohsiung Medical University.

Established by the Office of the Governor-General in 1899. Gotō Shinpei, head of civilian affairs, was its director. The 14-member committee was comprised of the directors of all government hospitals and doctors. It had the task of researching local diseases, communicable diseases, and opium addiction in Taiwan. It also published the Taiwan Medical Journal as a medium to publish medical research.

Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (1845-1922): A French physician who worked in a military hospital in Algerian in 1880. He discovered that malaria was caused by a protozoan (malarial parasite). In 1901, he discovered the kinetoplastid (Trypanosoma brucei) that causes African sleeping sickness. In 1907, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries of and research on protozoans.

Cai Qiutong (1900-1984): Originally from Yunlin. He was a famous Taiwan author and poet. He used a number of different pennames, including Qiudong, Kuang Renye, Choutong, Qiu Kuo, and Cai Luoye. During the colonial era he served as a Hoko official. After the war, he was the first head of Yuanzhang Township and later the first legislature from Tainan County.

a branch of microbiology that studies bacteria. Its primary work is to identify, cultivate, and classify bacteria, as well as pinpoint unique characteristics for each type.

Alexandre Emile Jean Yersin (1863-1943): A Swiss-born French physician and bacteriologist, he discovered the cause of the plague, Yersinia pestis. The bacillus was named after him.